231 ENGINE 273 MPFI ENGINE LAMBDA SENSOR Lambda sensor is a part of the emissions control system and feeds data to engine control unit (ECU). The role of the sensor is to help the engine run as efficiently as possible and thus it reduces emission level. The lambda sensor consists of an insulating tubemade up of a specific ceramic material - Zirconium dioxide (Catalyst) which is to be heated by heater supply. It is placed into the exhaust manifold and detects rich and lean mixtures. When heated above 350º C, it delivers an output signal between + 100mv (which means lean exhaust gases) and + 800mv (which means rich exhaust gases). The mechanism involves a chemical reaction that generates a voltage. The ECU analyzes the voltage to determine if the mixture is rich or lean, and adjusts the amount of fuel entering the engine accordingly. The reason why the engine needs the lambda sensor is because the amount of oxygen that the engine can pull - in, depends on all sorts of things, such as the altitude, the temperature of the air, the temperature of the engine, the barometric pressure, the load on the engine, etc. When the lambda sensor fails, the ECU can no longer sense the air/fuel ratio. The car performs poorly and uses more fuel than required. All the burnt gases are expelled out through cylinder head, exhaust manifold, catalytic converter and silencer using exhaust pipes. The main function of exhaust manifold gasket is to seal the connection between the manifold and cylinder head. It helps to prevent the leakage from joints and allows exhaust gas to flow through catalytic converter easily and comfortably. EXHAUST MANIFOLD GASKET
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